# 12 Factor applications
* offers a set of best practices for building modern software applications
* created by the platform heroku
1. Codebase:
* Have one place to keep all your code, and manage it using version control like Git.
2. Dependencies:
* List all the things your app needs to work properly, and make sure they're easy to install.
* maven/gradle
3. Config:
* Keep important settings like database credentials separate from your code, so you can change them without rewriting code.
* Spring config/custom remote config, config maps, secrets
4. Backing Services:
* Use other services (like databases or payment processors) as separate components that your app connects to.
* Other connected microservices
5. Build, Release, Run:
* Make a clear distinction between preparing your app, releasing it, and running it in production.
* Jenkins/teamcity/github actions CI/CD, Blue-Green/Canary
6. Processes:
* Design your app so that each part doesn't rely on a specific computer or memory. It's like making LEGO blocks that fit together.
* Stateless APIs
7. Port Binding:
* Let your app be accessible through a network port, and make sure it doesn't store critical information on a single computer.
* NAT Gateway/Service discovery/Service Mesh
8. Concurrency:
* Make your app able to handle more work by adding more copies of the same thing, like hiring more workers for a busy restaurant.
* Docker/Podman containers, idempotancy, immutability
9. Disposability:
* Your app should start quickly and shut down gracefully, like turning off a light switch instead of yanking out the power cord.
* Kubernetes orchestration for containers
10. Dev/Prod Parity:
* Ensure that what you use for developing your app is very similar to what you use in production, to avoid surprises.
* Separate PreProd/Prod pipelines and environments
11. Logs:
* Keep a record of what happens in your app so you can understand and fix issues, like a diary for your software.
* Fluentd/Splunk
12. Admin Processes:
* Run special tasks separately from your app, like doing maintenance work in a workshop instead of on the factory floor.
## Links
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* The Twelve Factor app: Best Practices for Java Deployment by Joe Kutner
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